دانشگاه اصفهان جامعه شناسی کاربردی 2008-5745 37 2 2026 06 22 Qualitative Analysis of Interactions between Body Culture and the Active Body واکاوی کیفی تعاملات فرهنگ بدنی و بدن فعال 99 122 29930 10.22108/jas.2025.144781.2623 FA حسین دنیاپور دانشجوی دکتری مدیریت ورزشی، دانشکده تربیت بدنی و علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه تبریز، تبریز، ایران فاطمه عبدوی استاد، گروه مدیریت ورزشی، دانشکده تربیت بدنی و علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه تبریز، تبریز، ایران یعقوب بدری آذرین استاد، گروه مدیریت ورزشی، دانشکده تربیت بدنی و علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه تبریز، تبریز، ایران محمدباقر علیزاده اقدم استاد، گروه علوم اجتماعی، دانشکده حقوق و علوم اجتماعی، دانشگاه تبریز، تبریز، ایران Journal Article 2025 04 07 <strong>Introduction</strong> This study investigated the interactions between body culture and the active body as a dynamic, bidirectional process influenced by individual, social, and cultural factors, rather than as isolated physiological or normative constructs. Within the framework of the sociology of the body, body culture encompasses the beliefs, practices, and norms that shape bodily experiences, while the active body signifies engagement in physical activities aimed at health, performance, and identity formation. Focusing on experts in physical education, health, and sports sociology in Iran, this research explored how these interactions manifest amidst sociocultural transformations, including media influences, urbanization, and global health discourses. In the Iranian context, traditional norms intersect with contemporary ideals of fitness and wellness, creating tensions in bodily management and participation in physical activities. Drawing on qualitative data, this study revealed that these interactions create a contested arena where cultural values both constrain and enable active lifestyles, thus contributing to broader understandings within the fields of sports sociology and public health.   <strong> </strong> <strong>Materials & Methods</strong> This qualitative research utilized a constructivist grounded theory approach (Glaser & Strauss, 1967) and was conducted between 2024 and 2025. Data collection involved 20 in-depth semi-structured interviews with professors, experts, managers, and specialists in physical education, health, and sports sociology, all of whom had a minimum of 5 years of relevant experience. Purposive and theoretical sampling ensured diversity in gender (55% male, 45% female), age (mean age of 42.65 years), education level (80% holding PhDs), and professional roles (50% professors, 35% coaches). Interviews ranged from 22 to 86 minutes and were supplemented by field notes and theoretical memos. The analysis followed a 3-phase coding process: open coding, which generated 792 initial codes that were subsequently reduced to 171 secondary codes and 24 concepts; axial coding, which clustered these into 15 categories; and selective coding, which integrated them around the core phenomenon. MAXQDA 2022 was used for coding and theoretical sensitivity was informed by the works of Bourdieu (1986/2019), Foucault (1982), and Giddens (1992/2023). To ensure trustworthiness, the study adhered to Lincoln and Guba's (1988) criteria, including credibility through member checking and triangulation.   <strong>Discussion of Results & Conclusion</strong> The analysis identified 15 major categories that illuminated the complexities of interactions between body culture and the active body: Causal Conditions: Individual motivations (e.g., personal interest in sports, habitus as described by Bourdieu), socio-professional factors (e.g., social validation, bodily capital), and educational influences (e.g., scientific awareness) initiated and sustained these interactions, fostering proactive bodily engagement. Contextual Conditions: Cultural backgrounds (e.g., competitive norms, power discourses per Foucault), social interactions (e.g., family support), and physical environments (e.g., urban facilities) provided the sociocultural and infrastructural backdrop that enabled or limited the formation of the active body. Intervening Conditions:<em> </em>Psychosocial pressures (e.g., media ideals, gender expectations) and external constraints (e.g., time scarcity, pollution) modulated the process, often intensifying disciplinary mechanisms. In contrast, personal experiences (e.g., stress reduction through activity) offered counterbalances. Action Strategies: Personal planning (e.g., flexible goal-setting), social dynamism (e.g., group activities), and physical enhancement (e.g., professional coaching) represented adaptive responses that promoted self-management and communal reinforcement aligned with reflexive identity projects (Giddens). Consequences: Enhanced physical and mental health (e.g., improved sleep, reduced stress) and personal and social development (e.g., boosted confidence, stronger relationships) emerged as key outcomes, underscoring the transformative potential of these interactions. The core category—Interactions between Body Culture and the Active Body—captured the central process, through which experts navigated multifaceted influences to construct and sustain active lifestyles. Rather than exhibiting static compliance, participants described a reflexive, performative dynamic, in which cultural norms were internalized, resisted, and reshaped through bodily practices. This study revealed these interactions as fluid and negotiated experiences constrained by patriarchal and economic structures but enriched by agency, innovation, and health benefits. Being situated at the intersection of tradition and modernity in Iran, these interactions highlighted the role of body culture in promoting balanced lifestyles. This research offers a nuanced model for gender studies and public health, emphasizing the localized negotiations of global bodily ideals. The findings inform policy in sports management by advocating for infrastructure improvements, media literacy, and inclusive programs designed to mitigate barriers and amplify benefits for physical and mental well-being, as well as social equity. هدف: پژوهش حاضر با هدف شناسایی عوامل مؤثر بر تعاملات فرهنگ بدنی و بدن فعال با استفاده از رویکرد کیفی و بر مبنای نظریۀ داده‌بنیاد انجام شد. روش: این مطالعه از نوع تحقیقات کاربردی و اکتشافی بود که با روش نمونه‌گیری هدفمند و معیار اشباع نظری انجام پذیرفت. جامعۀ پژوهش شامل 20 نفر از اساتید، صاحب‌نظران، مدیران و متخصصان حوزه‌های تربیت بدنی، سلامت و جامعه‌شناسی ورزشی با حداقل 5 سال سابقۀ فعالیت مرتبط بودند. داده‌ها ازطریق مصاحبه‌های نیمه‌ساختاریافتۀ عمیق جمع‌آوری و با استفاده از نرم‌افزار MAXQDA 2022 تحلیل شدند. یافته‌ها: در فرایند تحلیل داده‌ها براساس نظریۀ داده‌بنیاد، ابتدا 792 کد اولیه شناسایی شد که پس از مراحل کدگذاری باز، محوری و انتخابی، به ترتیب به 171 کد، 24 مفهوم و نهایتاً 15 مقولهۀ اصلی تقلیل یافتند. پدیدۀ محوری تحقیق «تعاملات فرهنگ بدنی و بدن فعال» شناسایی شد که در ارتباط با شرایط علّی (انگیزه‌های فردی، عوامل اجتماعی-حرفه‌ای و تأثیرات آموزشی)، شرایط زمینه‌ای (بسترهای فرهنگی، تعاملات اجتماعی و محیط فیزیکی) و شرایط مداخله‌گر (فشارهای روانی-اجتماعی و محدودیت‌های بیرونی) قرار گرفت. راهبردهای کنشی شامل برنامه‌ریزی‌های فردی، تعامل و پویایی اجتماعی و فعالیت‌های بهبوددهندۀ جسمانی بودند که به پیامدهایی همچون ارتقای سلامت جسمی و روانی و نیز توسعۀ فردی و اجتماعی منجر شدند. نتیجه‌گیری: یافته‌ها نشان داد که تعاملات بین فرهنگ بدنی و بدن فعال، نتیجۀ تعامل پویا و پیچیدۀ عوامل فردی، اجتماعی و فرهنگی است. این مدل می‌تواند مبنایی مناسب برای سیاست‌گذاری و برنامه‌ریزی‌های راهبردی در حوزه‌های جامعه‌شناسی ورزشی، سلامت عمومی و مدیریت ورزشی با تأکید بر ترویج سبک زندگی سالم و متعادل باشد. نتایج این پژوهش برای سیاست‌گذاران، مربیان و فعالان حوزۀ تربیت بدنی و سلامت جامعه مفید است. https://jas.ui.ac.ir/article_29930_3cd90b28448172345043bb9cf6531028.pdf